Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), also known as enlarged prostate, is a common condition that affects many men as they age. Here’s the patients and caregivers care plan:
What is BPH?
BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, which is located just below the bladder and surrounds the urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body). As the prostate enlarges, it can press against the urethra and cause urinary problems.
Who is at Risk?
- Men over 50 years old
- Family history of prostate problems
- Conditions like obesity, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes
- Lack of physical activity
Common Symptoms
- Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia)
- Urgency to urinate
- Weak or slow urinary stream
- Difficulty starting urination
- Dribbling after urination
- Incomplete emptying of the bladder
These symptoms can significantly affect quality of life, even though the condition itself is not life-threatening.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves:
- Medical history and symptom review
- Digital rectal exam (DRE)
- Urine test to rule out infection
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test
- Ultrasound or urinary flow tests (in some cases)
Treatment Options
Depending on the severity of symptoms:
- Lifestyle Changes
- Reduce caffeine and alcohol
- Limit evening fluid intake
- Regular physical activity
- Medications
- Alpha blockers (e.g., tamsulosin) to relax prostate muscles
- 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride) to shrink the prostate
- Sometimes a combination of both
- Minimally Invasive Procedures
- UroLift, Rezūm therapy, or laser therapy
- Surgery
- TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate) is the most common surgical procedure
- Other options include prostatectomy or newer laser techniques
What Caregivers Should Know
- Help monitor changes in urinary habits
- Support medication adherence and medical appointments
- Watch for signs of complications (e.g., urinary retention, infections)
- Be understanding—BPH can affect emotional well-being and self-esteem
When to Seek Medical Help
- Inability to urinate (urinary retention)
- Blood in urine
- Painful urination or signs of infection (fever, chills)
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